Fluid model
ColdPlasma
Cold plasma model: electron-fluid current coupled with Maxwell's equations via a cold-plasma Ohm's law.
This is a fluid electromagnetic model for a cold plasma response. The
electron fluid is represented only through its current, so thermal pressure and kinetic velocity-space effects are omitted. It is useful as a reduced model between vacuum Maxwell and fully kinetic Vlasov-Maxwell dynamics.
PDEs solved by model:
Cold-plasma current:
1n₀ ∂𝐣∂t = 1ε 𝐄 + 1ε n₀ 𝐣 × 𝐁₀
Faraday's law:
∂𝐁∂t + ∇ × 𝐄 = 0
Ampère's law:
-∂𝐄∂t + ∇ × 𝐁 = α²ε 𝐣
where (n₀, 𝐁₀) denotes an inhomogeneous background.